Belling tools



May 1, 1962 J. P. WALTON 3,032,123

BELLING TOOLS Filed Nov. 10, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 mm 'Allmli' IN VENTOR(/WM': 1? ML ram ATTORNEY y 1, 1962 J. P. WALTON 3,032,128

BELLING TOOLS Filed Nov. 10, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 .Flvg. 7

PM INVENTOR (/AMEJ PMLf'd/V May I, 1962 J. P. WALTON 3,032,128

BELLING TOOLS Filed Nov. 10, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR i dwvzs FMATN ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofifice 3,032,128 Patented Mlay 1, 19623,032,128 BELLlNG T0918 James P. Walton, Bartlett, lll., assignor toCase Foundagrouu Company, Roselle, 111., a corporation of CaliornraFiled Nov. 10, E59, Ser. No. 852,136 6 Claims. (til. 1'75292) Myinvention relates to a belling tool for enlarging or belling the bottomof caissons.

It is customary to drill holes into the earth which are filled withsteel reinforced concrete to serve as footings r foundations forbuildings and other structures. These are called caissons and the holeis usually drilled by an earth auger to a depth sufiicient to reach bedrock or other solid material, such as hard pan. Depending upon theterrain, the depth of these holes will vary and sometimes may reach adepth of 100 or more feet. In order to increase the load carryingcapacity of a caisson, the bottom of the hole is belled out or enlarged.The belled out area of a caisson is generally conical in shape having anenlarged lower end. Thus a greater bearing area is provided at thebottom of the caisson so that the caisson supports a load greater thancould be supported had the bottom not been belled out.

The earth auger for drilling a caisson and the tool for belling thebottom of the hole are generally operated by a portable drilling rig.These drilling rigs are driven to the site and have a rotatable andtelescoping kelly to which the auger and belling tools are attached. Thekelly is rotated to operate the auger and at the same time extend toforce it downwardly into the ground to drill the hole in a conventionalmanner.

Various belling tools have been provided in the past but they have allhad certain shortcomings. With many prior art belling tools, or bellingbuckets, it is necessary to put downward pressure on the kelly to openthe belling bucket after it reaches the bottom for digging operation.Such downward pressure frequently causes the belling tool to dig thehole deeper and provide an uneven bottom; also such belling tools arenot subject to the versatile use of belling tools not requiring downwardpressure on the kelly for opening of the tool. Other prior art bellingtools have cutting blades which are shaped to provide the final contourof the bottom bell or otherwise have long cutting blades. Due to thefact that these tools are characterized by having large areas of diggingsurface, they are very difficult to operate, require excessive power,and cannot be used in certain soils. Furthermore with prior art tools,the operator could not adequately clean out the bottom of the holewithout sending a man down into the hole, which is at best veryexpensive.

The belling tools of this application represent an improvement over theunderreamer or belling tool shown in United States Patent 2,621,898,issued December 16, 1952, to I. G. Brodheat et al. and owned by theassignee of the present application. The belling tools of thisapplication incorporate similar basic principles and basic structuralarrangements shown and described in United States Patent 2,621,898 but,in addition, include certain important features and improvements overthe under reamer of this patent. United States Patent 2,621,898 ishereby incorporated herein by reference.

Generally speaking, the belling tool of this invention comprises acircular cage-like housing having cutting blades pivotally mounted onvertical shafts at the perimeter of the housing. A hub rotatably mountedat the top of the housing is adapted to receive the drilling spindle orkelly, and linkage elements are connected in the top portion of thehousing between the hub and pivotally mounted blades. Rotation of thekelly in one direction will cause the blades to open by means of thelinkage members, for digging operation, and rotation of the kelly in theother direction will cause the blades to close for removal of thebelling tool from the hole. The center area of the housing is free ofobstruction so that dirt will be delivered by the blades into the centerportion of the housing for removal from the hole. The blades extendoutwardly from the lower area of the side of the housing in cuttingposition to clean the bottom of the caisson. A hinged bottom plate isprovided which may be opened to dump or drop the dirt from the housingand the bottom of the bucket is provided with scoop openings so thatloose dirt in the central bottom of a hole will continually be cleanedup by rotation of the belling tool. Provision is made for controllingthe diameter to which the belling tool will be opened by rotation of thekelly. The control mechanism is positioned on the top of the cage andcomprises an arm secured to the hub which engages an adjustable pin tolimit the amount which the blades are opened by rotation of the kellyand hub.

An object of my invention is to provide a belling tool that is simple,economical and efficient to operate and is constructed to withstand theabuse received in normal operation.

Another object of my invention is to provide a belling tool havingblades pivotally mounted at the perimeter of a housing;

(1) Wherein a single kelly is connected to the housing and is connectedthrough mechanical links to the blades so that initial rotation of thekelly will open the blades and further rotation will cause diggingaction by the belling tool.

(2) Wherein a rotatable hub is mounted at the end of the housing andconnected to the kelly, and a link is carried by the hub and connectedat its ends to the pivotably mounted blades so that rotation of thekelly relative to the housing causes opening and closing of the blades.

(3) Wherein a hinged bottom is provided for the housing for dumping aload therefrom.

(4) Wherein a hubs is rotatably mounted in the housing and is connectedto open the blades on rotation and an adjustment arm is secure forrotation with the hub to engage an adjustable stop to predetermine theamount of opening of the blades upon rotation of the hub; and

(5) Wherein a kelly drives the tool and each blade comprises two memberspivotally secured together and connected through linkage mechanism tothe kelly for opening the blades on rotation of the kelly whereby theeffective cutting diameter of the tool is substantial in comparison withthe diameter of the cage.

A further object of my invention is to provide a belling tool whereinthe entire control for opening and operating the tool is achievedthrough rotation of a single shaft or kelly. In addition, novelapparatus is provided to adjust the amount the tool is opened.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a belling toolwhich is constructed and arranged to complete the belling of a holewithout the necessity of a man entering the hole and cleaning andshaping the bell.

These and other objects and advantages will become more readily apparentas the description proceeds and is read in connection with the drawings,in which:

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of one form of the belling tool of myinvention and shows the cutting blades and dump bottom in closedposition.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the belling tool shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken on line IIIIII of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line IVIV of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 but showing the cutting blades in apartially open position.

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIGS. 4 and 5 but showing the cutting bladesopen to a wider position than shown in FIG, 5.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken on line VII-VII of FIG. 4showing in greater detail the parts of my belling tool contained withinthe housing.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial detail view of the mechanism for lockingthe dump bottom in place and is taken on line VIII-VIII of FIG. 2.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged detail view showing the mechanism for limiting theopening of the blades, and is a sectional view taken on line IXIX ofFIG. 2.

FIGS. 10, ll, 12, 13 and 14 are vertical sectional views of caissonsdrilled into the earth and show in sequence the steps by which earth isremoved from the bottom of the hole by my novel belling tool to producea completed caisson.

FIG. 15 is an elevational view of a modified form of the belling tool ofmy invention which has a cylindrical housing approximately the same sizeas that of the belling tool shown in FIGS. 1 through 7 but which isprovided with multiple part cutting blades and is capable of belling ahole to a greater diameter than that of the device shown in FIGS. 1through 7.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of the modified belling tool of FIG. 15 and showsa modified adjustment mecha nism for controlling opening of the blades.

FIG. 17 is a sectional plan view of the modified belling tool of FIG. 15showing the mechanism within the housing and is taken on line XVII-XVIIof FIG. 15.

In the drawings, the cylindrical cage or housing of my belling toolcomprises upper and lower rings 20 and 22 which are interconnected andspaced apart by vertical side slats 24, spaced on diametrically oppositesides of rings 20 and 22. As best seen in FIG. 1, angular braces 26 areconnected between the vertical slats 24 and rings 20 and 22 for purposesof strengthening the entire housmg.

As seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, a top cross frame 28 is secured within ring20. This frame has hollow rectangular legs, as seen in FIG. 3, and has avertical height approximately equal to the height of ring 20.

Rotatably secured within top frame 28 is a hub 30. A bearing member 32is secured within top frame 28 and rotatably supports the hub, with hubheld against lateral movement within bearing member 32. Extendingaxially away from the upper part of hub 30 is a horizontally disposedadjusting arm 34. Adjusting arm 34 is integral with hub 30 and,therefore, rotates with the hub. The outer end of adjustment arm 34extends between horizontal plates 36, as best seen in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and9. Plates 36 are supported by top ring 20 and top frame 28. As seen inFIGS. 2 and 9, a series of holes 38 are provided in plates 36, the holesin the two plates being aligned. A pin 40 may be inserted in any pair ofaligned holes 38 and the pin will span plates 36. Thus, when hub 30 isrotated in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 2, adjustment arm 34will rotate until it engages pin 40.

As best seen in FIG. 7, a drop bottom or dump bottom 42 is pivotallyconnected across the bottom of bottom ring 22 by means of hinge 44.Secured at the opposite end of dry bottom 42 is a latch ear 46. A lockrod 48 releasably engages latch car 46 and is rotatably mounted withinbearing and within top frame 28. The upper end of rod 48 is bent atright angles to provide a horizontal portion which cooperates with latch52 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) which is mounted for pivotal movement on topframe 28.

Latch 52 serves to lock dump bottom 42 in its closed position when dumpbottom 42, lock rod 48, and latch ear 46 are in the positions shown inFIG. 7. To prepare to open dump bottom 42, latch 52 is moved to thedotted line position shown in FIG. 8 and the handle portion of lock rod48 may then be rotated to the position shown in dotted lines in FIG. 8.Such rotation of lock rod 48 disengages the lower end of the lock rodfrom latch car 46 and dump bottom 42 is allowed to swing to its openposition as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 7.

Dump bottom 42 is provided on its lower surface with scoops 54. Scoops54 have bottoms 56 (see FIG. 6) which taper upwardly from leading edge58 until they are flush with the upper surface of dump bottom 42. Thuswhen the belling tool of FIG. 6 is rotated in a clockwise direction,dirt below dump bottom 42 will move upwardly into the belling toolthrough scoops 54.

Two blades 69 are provided, one on each side of the belling tool, asbest seen in FIGS. 1 through 7. Blades 68 have a curved deflectorportion 62 and an outer or cutting edge 64. The inner ends of blades 60are secured to sleeves 66 as seen in FIGS. 4 through 7. Sleeves 66 arerotatably mounted on shafts 68 and sleeves 66 with blades 60 arerotatable about shafts 68 which form a bearing for the sleeves. A crankarm 70, as best seen in FIGS. 2 through 7, in fixedly connected to eachof the sleeves 66.

Referring to FIGS. 3 through 7, it will be seen that a cross arm 72 isfixedly connected to the lower end of hub 30 so that the cross armrotates with hub 30. Each end of cross arm 72 has pivotally connectedthereto a link member 74 whereby cross arm 72 and links 74 may rotaterelative to each other. The outer ends of links 74 are connected by apivotal connection to cranks which, as hereinbefore described, are fixedto sleeves 66. Thus rotation of hub 30 will transmit motion throughcross arm 72, links 74, cranks 70, and sleeves 66 to blades 60.

The kelly for operating the belling tool is indicated in the drawing inFIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 7 by the number 76. The kelly is square in crosssection and the upper end of boss 30 is provided with a correspondingsquare recess to receive kelly 76. The kelly is pinned within boss 30.

In operation of the tool of my invention, the hole in the earth is firstdrilled by conventional angers to the shape shown in solid lines in FIG.10 of the drawings. The auger is then removed from the kelly of thedrilling rig and my novel belling tool is secured to the kelly. Inparticular, kelly 76 is placed within and pinned to boss 30 as shown anddump bottom 42 is closed. The kelly is rotated in a counter clockwisedirection when viewed as in FIG. 2 of the drawings to move blades 60into their closed positions, i.e. that position shown in FIGS. 1 through4 of the drawings. When the blades are thus closed, adjusting arm 34will be moved to the position shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawing.Pin 40 is then placed in an appropriate set of aligned holes 38 inparallel plates '36. The distance which blades 60 will open uponrotation of kelly 76 will be controlled and limited by the positionmentof pin 40.

To start belling operation, pin 40 is usually first inserted in thelowermost set of holes 38, as shown in FIG. 2 of the drawings. Kelly 76can then only rotate boss 30 a limited amount due to the fact thatadjustment arm 34 will strike pin 40. Since boss 31) is rotated only alimited amount, blade 60 will be opened only a small amount through thelinkage interconnecting the blades and boss. If pin 40 is moved into thenext set of aligned holes 38, in plates 36, rotation of the kelly willallow the blades to open to a greater extent, etc. In determining wherethe pin 40 will be adjusted to make the first cut and subsequent cutswith the belling tool, the make up of the earth, the power of thedrilling rig and several other factors will be controlling.

After pin 40 is properly located and the blades closed,

the belling tool is lowered into the hole by means of kelly 76. When thebelling tool rests upon the bottom of the hole, kelly 76 is then rotatedin a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 2 of the drawings. Rotationof the kelly causes boss 30 to rotate within its bearing in the frame ofthe belling tool and cross arm 72 will be rtated in a clockwisedirection, as viewed in FIGS. 2, 4, 5 and 6. As cross arm 72 is rotated,links 74 will move, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 of the drawings, to rotatecranks 70 and therefore sleeves 66 about shafts 68. Blades 60 will berotated toward an open position due to the rotation of sleeves 66, sincethe blades are attached thereto. Blades 60 will continue opening untiladjustment arm 34 on boss 30 engages pin 4h which has been placed in thefirst set of aligned openings 38 of FIG. 2. As soon as adjustment arm 34strikes pin 4t blades 60 will not open further and the entire bellingtool will begin to rotate with kelly '76 since the force of rotationfrom the kelly is being applied to the housing of the belling toolthrough adjustment arm 34 and pin 40. As the belling tool rotates,leading edges as of the blades will loosen earth and upon continuedrotation this earth will pass back along curved portions 62 of theblades into the central portion of the belling tool and onto dump bottom42. Thus it will be seen that initial rotation of the kelly causes theblades to open and further rotation of the kelly causes the blades tocut away the earth.

As previously mentioned, in the first cutting operation of the bellingtool, the belling tool is lowered to the bottom of the hole. After thekelly has been rotated to open the blades and start the cutting action,the entire belling tool is slowly raised upwardly from the bottom of thehole by means of the kelly, while rotation of the kelly is beingcontinued. Thus the area indicated by dotted lines in FIG. will be cutaway as the belling tool is rotated and raised. The distance it, asindicated in FIG. 10, to which the earth is to be cut away will bedetermined by the required height of the belted out portion of thecaisson and, in its initial cutting operation, the kelly will be raisedwhile it is being rotated to enable the belling tool to cut away earthsurrounding the hole to a sutficient height. Some of the earth cut awaywill be moved into the belling tool while some will fall to the bottomof the hole.

When the cut indicated in FIG. 10 has been completed.

or whenever the bucket is full of earth, rotation and vertical movementof the kelly is stopped. The kelly is then rotated in a reversedirection, or a counter clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 2 of thedrawings. This reverse rotation causes boss to rotate relative to thehousing and, therefore, cross arm 72 is rotated in a counter clockwisedirection, when viewed as in FIGS. 2 through 5 of the drawings. Thisrotation of cross arm 72 through links 74, cranks 7t) and sleeves 66causes blades 60 to move toward their closed position. When the bladesare closed, adjustment arm 34 will have returned to its initial positionagainst a stop, such as shown inFIG. 2. The belling tool is then removedfrom the hole by raising the kelly vertically. Dirt that has beenloosened by the blades and moved inwardly into the housing of thebelling tool is forced into and held within the cylindrical housing byblades 64] when they are being closed and when they are closed. As thebelling tool is being removed from the hole, the earth is thus trappedand retained therein.

, After the belling ool reaches the surface, the tool is then swung awayfrom a position over the hole in order to dump or discharge the earthcontained therein. To empty the belling tool, latch 52 (FIGS. 7 and 8)is released as previously described and locking rod 43 rotated todisengage the lower end of the locking rod from latch ear 46. Thus dumpbottom 42 swings to the position shown in dotted lines of FIG. 7 anddumps the contents of the belling tool.

After the belling tool is emptied, dump bottom 42. is

moved to its closed position and again locked in place. The belling toolis then swung over the hole. Pin 40 may be moved to another set ofaligned holes to enable the belling tool to cut to a greater diameter.In the example I am using, pin 40 would now be moved to the second setof aligned holes 38 in plates 36 and the belling tool would be loweredinto the hole until it reached the bottom. With the belling toolpositioned in the bottom of the hole, the kelly is again rotated in theappropriate direction to first cause blades 60 to open to the extentpredetermined by the positionment of pin 4t). After the blades haveopened to this extent, kelly 76 continues to rotate the entire bellingtool and the blades cause earth to be dug away and moved by the bladesinto the housing of the belling tool. As this rotation is continued, thekelly is slowly raised to thereby raise the belling tool away from thebottom of the hole. With this action, the area indicated by dotted linesin FIG. 11 will be dug away.

In this second step, the belling tool will not be raised the samedistance from the bottom of the hole as it was with the initial cut. Aspreviously explained, the belled out portion of the hole is to assume ashape somewhat like a cone and, therefore, the height of each successivewider cut will be less than the height of the previous cut. Mostcaissons are provided with bells having sides forming a 60 angle withthe horizontal bottom. In such 60 bells, it is quite easy to determinethe height of each cut since the distance d shown in FIG. 14 is one-halfof the height h shown in FIG. 10.

After the second cut is completed or whenever the belling tool is full,rotation and vertical lift of the kelly will be stopped. The kelly isthen rotated in a reverse direction to close the cutting blades aspreviously described and trap and hold the loosened earth within thebelling tool. The kelly may then be raised and the belling tool emptiedin the manner previously described.

It should be understood that some of the earth locsened by the first cutfell to the bottom of the hole. When the tool is lowered into the holefor the second cut, the blades will first sweep all of this loosenedearth into the housing. In some cases, the loosened earth may prevent mybelling tool from initially reaching the bottom and, in this case, therotation is started to remove this loosened earth and lower the tool tothe bottom.

To make the third cut, pin 40 will be moved to the next series of holes38 in plates 36 and the same series of operations followed, which willcause the area indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 12 to be cut away atthe bottom of the hole. In the next sequence of operation, the areaindicated by dotted lines in FIG. 13 will be cut away and this sequenceof operation is continued until the bottom of the hole is belled outcompletely as indicated in FIG. 14. After the last cut, the bottom ofthe hole is completely cleaned by rotation of the tool in the bottom ofthe hole with the blades fully opened. During this clean-up operation,as well as during all digging operations, the scoops 54 continuallyclean all earth from the bottom of the hole beneath the housing of thebelling tool.

One of the greatest difficulties with prior art belling tools is thefact that these tools would not properly shape and clean out the hole.For obvious reasons, loose earth cannot be left in the bottom and,therefore, with these prior art tools it was necessary to send men downinto the hole for a final cleaning and shaping operation. This isextremely expensive, not only because of the hand labor but because ofthe time and expense expended in inserting a steel tubing into the holeso it is safe for the men to be lowered into and work in the hole.

With the belling tool of my invention, I have found in actual practicethat my belling tool will completely clean and shape the hole withoutany need for lowering men into the hole. This is due to the uniqueconstruction and arrangement of my belling tool and niakesit far lessexpensive'to use than prior art belling tools.

In FIGS. through 17, I have shown a modified form of my invention, whichis primarily different in that the belling tool may be expanded to cutto a greater diameter even though the housing of the belling tool isessentially the same size as that of the belling tool shown in the otherdrawings. In addition, the adjustment mechanism for controlling theexpansion of the belling tool is somewhat different than that shown inthe other embodiment.

Referring to FIGS. 15, 16, and 17 of the drawings, it will be seen thatupper and lower ring frames 28' and 22' are provided and a top plate 86extends across the top of ring frame A hub 30' is rotatably mountedwithin the top of the housing and at its upper end receives square kelly76. An adjusting arm 34 is secured to the upper end of hub 30 andextends diametrically across the belling tool, spaced above top plate80. As best seen in FIGS. 15 and 16, parallel mounted but spaced apartplates 36' are provided on opposite sides of the belling tool. Plates 36have aligned openings 38 extending throughout the length thereof whichare adapted to receive pins 40'. The ends of adjusting arm 34 aredisposed between parallel plates 36. Thus when kelly 76 is rotated, hub30 and adjusting bar 34 will be rotated until such time as the ends ofadjusting bar 34' strike the pin or pins 40' to'stop rotation of the hubrelative to the belling tool. 7 p

A dump bottom 42' is provided on the belling tool and the same latchmechanism as shown in the other drawings is used for releasably lockingdump bottom 42 in closed position. This mechanism comprises latch ear46', lock rod 48' and latch 52. Dump bottom 42 is also provided withscoops 54' and hinge 44'.

The blades 60 of the belling tool shown in FIGS. 15 through 17 are twopart blades, the two parts being pivot'ally connected one to the other.The outer part is designated 82 and the inner part designated 84 andthey are interconnected at pivot 86. The inner end of inner part 84 issecured to vertically arranged sleeve 66'. Sleeve 66' is mounted overshaft 68' and free to rotate thereon. A crank 70' is secured to sleeve66 and extends outwardly therefrom.

A cross arm 72' is secured to the lower end of hub 30' and rotates withthe hub. The outer ends of cross arm 72' are secured by pivotalconnections to link 74'. Links 74' are in turn pivotally connected tocranks 70' at an intermediate point. The outer ends of link 74 arepivotally connected to second links 88 which are in turn connected toouter part 82 of blade 68'. Second links 88 are connected to outer part'82 of blade 60 at a point spaced from pivot 86 by means of crank 90 onpart 82 of blade 60'. V

The belling tool shown in FIGS. 15 through 17 is ope'rated inessentially the same way as previously described. Pins 40' are placed inan appropriate series of holes 38 to control the distance which blades60' will be opened. By providing an elongated adjusting arm 34 and pairsof plates 36 on each side of the belling tool, the rotating forcetransmitted from the kelly to the housing of the belling tool may beaccomplished through two pins 40', when pins 40 are positioned inappropriate holes such as indicated in FIG. 15.

FIG. 17 clearly shows the structure by which blades 60 are open asthekelly is rotated. Rotation of the kelly causes boss 30"torotate whichrotates cross arm 72. Through links 74' and 88, parts 82 and 84 ofblades 60 will be swung outwardly into cutting position.

In the dotted lines in FIG. 17, blades 60' and other related parts areshown in an open position, and in solid lines, the blades and relatedparts are shown in their closed position. It is important to note thatwhen blades 60' are in their closed position all parts of the blade andoperating mechanism are contained within the circumference of thebelling tool so that the tool may be removed from the hole in the samemanner as the belling tool hereinbefore described. With the two partblade arrangement of this form of my invention, the belling tool canproduce a bell of a greater diameter.

From the foregoing description, it should be readily apparent that Ihave developed a belling tool'of unique design and construction which ispositive and economical in operation, which is capable of doinga'betterjob than tools heretofore available, and yet is simple in constructionand relatively inexpensive to produce and operate.

The drawings and the foregoing specification constitute a description ofmy belling tool in full, clear, concise and exact terms as to enable anyperson skilled in the art to practice the invention, the scope of whichis indicated by the appended claims. It should, of course, beappreciated that various changes and modifications may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a belling tool, a cylindrical shaped housing having vertical sidemembers and a bottom member, a top frame spanning said side members, adump bottom hinged to said bottom member of said housing, lock means onsaid dump bottom for securing said dump bottom in closed position,operating means for said lock means extending upwardly from said lockmeansto the top of said top frame, a shaft vertically mounted at theside of said housing below said top frame and extending between saidbottom member and top frame, a sleeve rotatably mounted over said shaft,a crank arm on said sleeve adjacent the lower side of said top frame, ablade secured to said sleeve adjacent said bottom member, said bladebeing rotatable about said shaft from a closed-position within theconfines of said housing at the lower end thereof to an open diggingposition wherein the blade extends beyond the confines of the housing, ahub rotatably mounted in said top frame, a kelly adapted to be rotatedand being secured to said hub for rotation therewith, an arm secured tothe lower end of said hub, said lower end of said hub and said arm beingdisposed belowsaid top frame within the confines of said housingadjacent'said top frame, a link having one end pivotally connected tosaid arm and the other end pivotally connected to said crank arm on saidsleeve, said link being connected 'to said crank arm on said sleeve, inthe upper portion of said housing, an adjusting member connected to saidhub above said top frame, said adjusting member being an elongatedmember extending tangentially outward from said hub and terminating nearthe periphery of said cylindrical housing, and adjustable stop meanssupported by said top frame on the top thereof and comprising a platemember disposed adjacent the terminal end of said adjusting member and amovable stop carried by said plate member and engageable with theterminal end of said adjusting member, said hub and adjusting memberbeing rotated together relative to said housing and said adjustingmember stopping such relative rotation thereof when said adjustingmember engagessaid movable stop, said hub, arm, link, crank armand-sleeve on rotation of said kelly in one direction causing said bladeto move toward an open position and causing said blade to move toward aclosed position when said kelly is rotated in an opposite direction,said kelly on rotation causing digging rotation of the belling tool withsaid blade extended to open position through engagement of saidadjusting member with said movable stop.

2. In a belling tool, a cylindrical shaped housing having vertical sidemembers and a bottom member, a top frame spanning said side members, ashaft vertically mounted at the side of said housing below said topframe and extending between said bottom member and top frame, a sleeverotatably mounted over said shaft, a crank arm on said sleeve adjacentthe lower side of top frame, a blade secured to said sleeve adjacent'said'bottom member, said blade being rotatable about saidshaft from aclosed position within the confines of said housing at the lower endthereof to an open digging position wherein the blade extends beyond theconfines of the housing, a hub rotatably mounted in said top frame, akelly adapted to be rotated and being secured to said hub for rotationtherewith, an arm secured to the lower end of said hub, said lower endof said hub and said arm being disposed below said top frame within theconfines of said housing adjacent said top frame, a link having one endpivotally connected to said arm and the other end pivotally connected tosaid crank arm on said sleeve, said link being connected to said crankarm on said sleeve in the upper portion of said housing, an adjustingmember connected to said hub above said top frame, said adjusting memberbeing an elongated member extending tangentially outward from said huband terminating near the periphery of said cylindrical housing, andadjustable stop means supported by said top frame on the top thereof andcomprising a plate member disposed adjacent the terminal end of saidadjusting member and a movable stop carried by said plate member andengageable with the terminal end of said adjusting member, said hub andadjusting member being rotated together relative to said housing andsaid adjusting member stopping such relative rotation thereof when saidadjusting member engages said movable stop, said hub, arm, link, crankarm, and sleeve on rotation of said kelly in one direction causing saidblade to move toward an open position and causing said blade to movetoward a closed position when said kelly is rotated in an oppositedirection, said kelly on rotation causing digging rotation of thebelling tool with said blade extended to open position throughengagement of said adjusting member with said movable stop.

3. In a belling tool, a cylindrical shaped housing having vertical sidemembers and a bottom member, a top frame spanning said side members, ashaft vertically mounted at the side of said housing below said topframe and extending between said bottom member and top frame, a bladecarried by said shaft at the lower end thereof adjacent said bottommember, said blade being rotated from a closed position within theconfines of said housing at the lower end thereof to an open diggingposition wherein the blade extends beyond the confines of the housing, ahub rotatably mounted in said top frame, a kelly adapted to be rotatedand being secured to said hub for rotation therewith, an arm secured tosaid hub adjacent said top frame, connecting means between said bladeand said arm, said connecting means being operated by rotation of saidhub relative to said housing to rotate said blade between said open andclosed positions, a stop member on said housing, a member secured tosaid hub and rotatable therewith, said last-mentioned member secured tosaid hub being engageable with said stop member when said hub has beenrotated to a position opening said blade, said hub and housing beingrotated together for digging operation when said member secured to saidhub engages said stop member, whereby rotation of said kelly controlsthe opening and closing of said blade and digging operation of thebelling tool.

4. The belling tool as described in claim 3 wherein said blade has twoconnected parts, with a first part of said blade directly carried bysaid vertical shaft, and a second part of said blade pivotally connectedto said first part at a point spaced from said shaft, and saidconnecting means between said blade and said arm comprises a memberconnected with each of said blade parts.

5. In a belling tool, a cylindrical shaped housing having vertical sidemembers and a bottom member, a top frame spanning said side members, ashaft vertically mounted at the side of said housing below said topframe and extending between said bottom member and top frame, a bladecarried by said shaft at the lower end thereof adjacent said bottommember, said blade being rotated from a closed position within theconfines of said housing at the lower end thereof to an open diggingposition wherein the blade extends beyond the confines of the housing, ahub rotatably mounted in said top frame, a kelly adapted to be rotatedand being secured to said hub for rotation therewith, an arm secured tosaid hub adjacent said top frame, connecting means between said bladeand said arm, said connecting means being operated by rotation of saidhub relative to said housing to rotate said blade between said open andclosed positions, said con necting means comprising a link disposedadjacent said top frame with one end connected to said arm and a memberrotatable with said blade and having a portion disposed adjacent saidtop frame, said member rotatable with said blade having the portionadjacent said top frame connected to the other end of said link, saidconnecting means being operated by rotation of said hub relative to saidhousing to rotate said blade between said open and closed positions,whereby rotation of said kelly controls the opening and closing of saidblade and digging operation of the belling tool.

6. The belling tool as described in claim 5 wherein said blade has twoconnected parts with a first part of said blade directly carried by saidvertical shaft, and a second part of said blade pivotally connected tosaid first part at a point spaced from said shaft, and said connectingmeans between said blade and said arm comprises a member connected witheach of said blade parts. 1

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,751,521 Miller Mar. 25, 1930 1,854,823 Bertran et al Apr. 19, 19321,916,691 Schroeder July 4, 1933 2,621,898 Brodhead et al Dec. 16, 1952

